The Windows DNS Server must implement cryptographic mechanisms to detect changes to information during transmission.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-259344	WDNS-22-000013	SV-259344r945246_rule		Medium

Description
Encrypting information for transmission protects it from unauthorized disclosure and modification. Cryptographic mechanisms implemented to protect information integrity include, for example, cryptographic hash functions that have common application in digital signatures, checksums, and message authentication codes. Confidentiality is not an objective of DNS, but integrity is. DNSSEC and TSIG/SIG(0) both digitally sign DNS information to authenticate its source and ensure its integrity.

Description

Encrypting information for transmission protects it from unauthorized disclosure and modification. Cryptographic mechanisms implemented to protect information integrity include, for example, cryptographic hash functions that have common application in digital signatures, checksums, and message authentication codes. Confidentiality is not an objective of DNS, but integrity is. DNSSEC and TSIG/SIG(0) both digitally sign DNS information to authenticate its source and ensure its integrity.

STIG	Date
Microsoft Windows Server Domain Name System (DNS) Security Technical Implementation Guide	2024-01-09

Details

Check Text ( C-63083r945245_chk )
Note: If the Windows DNS Server hosts only Active Directory (AD)-integrated zones and does not host any file-based zones, this is not applicable. Note: This requirement does not apply for classified environments. Validate this check from the Windows DNS Server being configured/reviewed. Log on to the Windows DNS Server using the account designated as Administrator or DNS Administrator. Determine a valid host in the zone. Open the Windows PowerShell prompt on the Windows DNS Server being configured/reviewed. Issue the following command: (Replace www.zonename.mil with a FQDN of a valid host in the zone being validated. Replace ###.###.###.### with the FQDN or IP address of the Windows DNS Server hosting the signed zone.) resolve-dnsname www.zonename.mil -server ###.###.###.### -dnssecok Note: It is important to use the -server switch followed by the DNS server name/IP address. The result should show the "A" record results. In addition, the results should show QueryType: RRSIG with an expiration, date signed, signer, and signature, similar to the following: Name: www.zonename.mil QueryType: RRSIG TTL: 189 Section: Answer TypeCovered: CNAME Algorithm: 8 LabelCount: 3 OriginalTtl: 300 Expiration: 11/21/2022 10:22:28 AM Signed: 10/22/2022 10:22:28 AM Signer: zonename.mil Signature: {87, 232, 34, 134...} Name: origin-www.zonename.mil QueryType: A TTL: 201 Section: Answer IP4Address: ###.###.###.### If the results do not show the RRSIG and signature information, this is a finding.

Check Text ( C-63083r945245_chk )

Note: If the Windows DNS Server hosts only Active Directory (AD)-integrated zones and does not host any file-based zones, this is not applicable.

Note: This requirement does not apply for classified environments.

Validate this check from the Windows DNS Server being configured/reviewed.

Log on to the Windows DNS Server using the account designated as Administrator or DNS Administrator.

Determine a valid host in the zone.

Open the Windows PowerShell prompt on the Windows DNS Server being configured/reviewed.

Issue the following command:
(Replace www.zonename.mil with a FQDN of a valid host in the zone being validated. Replace ###.###.###.### with the FQDN or IP address of the Windows DNS Server hosting the signed zone.)

resolve-dnsname www.zonename.mil -server ###.###.###.### -dnssecok

Note: It is important to use the -server switch followed by the DNS server name/IP address.

The result should show the "A" record results.

In addition, the results should show QueryType: RRSIG with an expiration, date signed, signer, and signature, similar to the following:

Name: www.zonename.mil
QueryType: RRSIG
TTL: 189
Section: Answer
TypeCovered: CNAME
Algorithm: 8
LabelCount: 3
OriginalTtl: 300
Expiration: 11/21/2022 10:22:28 AM
Signed: 10/22/2022 10:22:28 AM
Signer: zonename.mil
Signature: {87, 232, 34, 134...}

Name: origin-www.zonename.mil
QueryType: A
TTL: 201
Section: Answer
IP4Address: ###.###.###.###

If the results do not show the RRSIG and signature information, this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-62991r939736_fix)
Sign or re-sign the hosted zone(s) on the DNS server being validated. Log on to the DNS server using the account designated as Administrator or DNS Administrator. Press the Windows key + R and execute "dnsmgmt.msc". On the opened DNS Manager snap-in from the left pane, expand the server name for the DNS server and then expand "Forward Lookup Zones". From the expanded list, right-click to select the zone (repeat for each hosted zone), point to DNSSEC, and then click "Sign the Zone" using either approved saved parameters or approved custom parameters.

Fix Text (F-62991r939736_fix)

Sign or re-sign the hosted zone(s) on the DNS server being validated.

Log on to the DNS server using the account designated as Administrator or DNS Administrator.

Press the Windows key + R and execute "dnsmgmt.msc".

On the opened DNS Manager snap-in from the left pane, expand the server name for the DNS server and then expand "Forward Lookup Zones".

From the expanded list, right-click to select the zone (repeat for each hosted zone), point to DNSSEC, and then click "Sign the Zone" using either approved saved parameters or approved custom parameters.